• Nerve Cells (Neurons) -“Brain cells”.
• Neurotransmitters (Calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, etc…)
• Glial Cells (Neuroglia) -provide a variety of minor functions for the neurons.
• “Ca2+ responsive kinase” (CaMKII) - a specific enzyme.

Neurons are nerve cells, or “brain cells” found in the brain. They send electro-chemical signals throughout the nervous system and brain. Producing a specific voltage, neurons create brain waves, connecting to other neurons to form neural nets. In the gap between the cells, or the synaptic cleft; neurotransmitters are transferred from cell to cell, opening up pathways/ “channels”. This allows charged particles, like calcium, to be received throughout the neural net.  

The increase in the synaptic communication, or Long Term Potentiation ( LTP), is the process credited for allowing our brain to learn and acquire memories. Once the enzyme (CaMKII)  is activated (by the calcium) it triggers a memory switch, causing it to stay active, even when the calcium is no longer present. The switch allows the enzyme to operate on its own at a constant rate, providing non-stop activity for the brain. Different sorts of neurotransmitters are responsible for the storing and revisiting of memories, along with a wide range of other assorted actions. Nerve cells and neurotransmitters use a chemical signal to resignate throughout the body, telling it what to do, even storing memories!

• Neurogenesis is the conception of neuron cells at birth.

• The brain, primarily made up of fat, is coated with a fatty layer, conducting the neurotransmitters.

• The proteins we consume break down into amino acids, creating the brain’s ability to focus.

• The majority of the chemicals in our brains are passed down from parents to offspring.

• For instance, if one’s parents have atrocious memory, then their kids have a good chance of also having inconsistent memory!

http://www.human-memory.net/intro_what.html

The processes of memory

What is memory?

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/anatomy/brain/Neuron.shtml

Neuron basics

Where are they formed?

What do they do?

http://psychology.about.com/od/biopsychology/f/neuron01.htm

What is a Neuron?

Are primarily working with the body’s muscles and brain activity.

Nearly 100 billion

https://www.neurogistics.com/TheScience/WhatareNeurotransmi09CE.asp

What are neurotransmitters?

Types of neurotransmitters

http://www.human-memory.net/brain_neurons.html

Transmission of neurotransmitters

Electro-chemical signals

Synaptic clefts

Neural nets

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/03/130328125226.htm

Long Term Potentiation

Calcium activates “Ca2+ responsive kinase” (CaMKII)

Molecular memory switch

http://www.neurogistics.com/conditions/memoryfocus.asp

Majority of Background information found here.