Introduction
The reason I chose to do ice skating is because I love ice skating and thought it would be fun to learn the chemistry of ice skating. I also what to figure out how the skate and ice are made. There are 3 different kinds of skates, ice skates, speed skates, and hockey skate. I'm showing the two most important components of ice skating the ice and the ice skate. Ice skating was invented in 1000 B.C. by the Scandinavians. My project has affected my life because I love to ice skate.Composition of ...
antifreeze
Propylene glycol C3H8O2
Ph buffering
Dipotassium phosphate K2HPO,
Potassium bicarbonate KHCO3
Brine water or with antifreeze
H2O
CaCl2
Ice skates
They have for the outside of the skate
Molybdenum
Kangaroo leather
Water H2O
Salt NaCl
Sodium sulfide Na2S
Chalk (Ca(OH) 2)
Sulfate oil
Sulfuric acid
Formaldehyde (CH2O)
Cromosal B
Compound SB
Mimosa
Plastic C2H4
For the inside of the skate they have
Nylon and felt of some sort to make it soft in the in side
Concrete
Ca3SiO5 + H2O → (CaO)·(SiO2)·(H2O)(gel) + Ca(OH)2
Main Chemicals, Compounds, Components
Chemistry's Role
The chemistry role in the making of skates is the elements that it uses. They use some of the elements by their self but they also use them in compounds. They are man made in a lab for some of the compounds. The stainless steel, plastic, kangaroo leather, chrome, and nylon are all of the elements that are man made for the skate. For the stainless steels it is made with the elements iron, carbon, chromium, nickel, niobium, titanium, and molybdenum. They are all made in to a compound to make the stainless steel. Then for the plastic on the hockey skates they have carbon and hydrogen . Then last there is the Kangaroo leather for the leather they use water, salt. chalk, sulfate oil, sulfuric acid, formaldehyde, chromosal B, compound SB, and mimosa. After they have all of material they are able to put the whole skate together.
For the rink they have a couple of layers before the ice,it goes a chilled concrete slab, insulation, a heated concrete slab, last is gravel and a drain to drain the excess water, they also have pipes running water through all the layers. They use antifreeze in the pipes which has propylene glycol,Ph buffering,dipotassium phosphate, potassium bicarbonate, this is also man made. Or they sometimes will just brine water instead of antifreeze which is just sodium chloride. Also the cement slabs and and other things that make up the actual rink are also man made. For the cement it has tricalcium silicate and water and it makes calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, water and calcium hydroxide.When you put them in the right order and also the right way and enough of each they can make the most useful rink.
Background Research
The first time ice skating was heard of was in 1000 B.C. by the scandinavians. The skates we first made of just leather and metal on the bottom of the leather to make the skate. When filling up a rink depending on the size of the rink. It can take from 12,000-15,000 gallons of water and could take 20 hours to completely fill the entire ice. For the ice to be kept frozen it needs to stay 6-10 degrees. As the time went on some people got interested in out it all works. They wanted to figure out how people are ble skate on the ice with only one blade. They also wanted to now what made the best kind of skate to use and what is the best ice to skate on.
Resources
About the Author
Kaitlyn Church is a junior at from Billings senior High. She enjoys watching movies, writing, reading , music, being with her friends and ice skating.